Analisis wacana kritis ayah yang memiliki anak dengan spektrum autisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu1158Kata Kunci:
analisis wacana kritis, ayah, budayainklusif, spektrum autismeAbstrak
Keluarga yang memiliki anak dengan spektrum autisme menghadapi tantangan pengasuhan yang signifikan. Dalam upaya memberikan dukungan yang efektif, penting memahami karakteristik unik ayah dan ibu. Penelitian keluarga yang ada, lebih banyak berfokus pada ibu sebagai pengasuh utama, sehingga “suara” para ayah cenderung kurang terdengar dan tidak terwakili. Dampaknya, dukungan kepada ayah sering kali bersifat generalisasi dari temuan penelitian dengan partisipan ibu. Menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana kritis, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah wacana yang menguak kekuasaan sosial tersembunyi yang mendorong terjadinya marjinalisasi dalam konteks pengasuhan dan disabilitas, yang dialami oleh para ayah. Hasil wawancara dengan 14 ayah yang memiliki anak dengan spektrum autisme menunjukkan adanya tiga wacana dominan yang memengaruhi pemahaman tentang peran mereka dalam keluarga, yang dibentuk oleh pengaruh sosial budaya. Ketiga wacana tersebut adalah (1) wacana transformasi peran gender dalam keluarga; (2) wacana kekuasaan sosial: norma, stigma, dan hierarki; serta (3) wacana budaya: konstruksi autisme dalam masyarakat.
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Referensi
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